For DEUTZ automotive camshafts, what key inspection indicators (such as wear degree, deformation, etc.) need to be focused on during maintenance, and what are the corresponding inspection standards?
Anhui KORBOR Machinery Co., Ltd. did not mention the key inspection indicators and standards for DEUTZ automotive camshaft maintenance in its introduction. The following are the key inspection indicators and corresponding general standards for DEUTZ automotive camshafts during maintenance under normal circumstances:
Wear degree
Cam surface wear: The cam surface of the camshaft is the part that directly contacts and produces relative motion with components such as valve tappets, and is prone to wear. Generally speaking, when the wear on the cam surface exceeds 0.2mm to 0.3mm, it is necessary to consider repairing or replacing the camshaft. Tools such as micrometers can be used to measure the diameters of different parts of the cam and compare them with the original design dimensions to determine the wear.
Journal wear: Wear also occurs at the joint between the journal and the bearing. The wear of the journal is usually allowed to be within the range of ±0.03mm to ±0.05mm. If it exceeds this range, it may cause problems such as oil leakage, reduced oil pressure, and unstable camshaft operation. During the inspection, the journal diameter can be measured and the clearance with the inner diameter of the bearing can be calculated for evaluation. The normal clearance is generally between 0.05mm and 0.12mm.
Deformation
Straightness: The straightness of the camshaft is an important indicator. It is usually required that the straightness error within every 100mm length does not exceed 0.01mm to 0.02mm, and the straightness error of the entire length does not exceed 0.05mm to 0.1mm. The camshaft can be placed on a V-block and measured with a dial indicator. The difference between the maximum and minimum readings of the dial indicator is the straightness error.
Distortion: For the camshaft of a multi-cylinder engine, the relative angle position between each cam should meet the design requirements. Generally, the distortion angle should not exceed ±1°. It can be measured with professional angle measurement tools or on specific testing equipment.
Hardness
The overall hardness of the camshaft should meet the requirements of its material and heat treatment process. Generally speaking, the hardness of the camshaft after quenching, tempering and other heat treatments is usually between HRC45 and HRC55. A hardness tester can be used to measure different parts of the camshaft at multiple points to ensure that the overall hardness is uniform and meets the standard.
The hardness of the cam surface and the journal should be slightly higher than other parts to improve wear resistance. Usually, the cam surface hardness should reach HRC50 or above, and the journal hardness should be above HRC48.
Surface quality
Roughness: The surface roughness of the camshaft has an important influence on its friction and wear with other components. Generally, the roughness of the cam surface and the journal surface is required to reach Ra0.8μm to Ra1.6μm. A roughness measuring instrument can be used for detection.
Surface defects: Check the camshaft surface with the naked eye or with the help of a magnifying glass, endoscope and other tools. Cracks, sand holes, pores and other defects are not allowed. If obvious cracks are found on the surface, the camshaft should be replaced regardless of size, because cracks may cause the camshaft to break during operation.
Oil channel blockage
The oil channel inside the camshaft is used to provide lubrication and cooling for the camshaft and bearings, so the oil channel should be kept unobstructed. This can be checked by oil channel pressure test. Under normal circumstances, under the normal operating oil pressure of the engine (generally 200kPa to 400kPa), the pressure loss in the oil channel should not exceed 50kPa. If the pressure loss is too large, it may indicate that the oil channel is blocked.
After disassembly, you can also use a special pipe clearing tool or compressed air to clear and check the oil channel to see if there are any debris, sludge or other blockages.